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OpenAI · language model

GPT-4.1 Nano: pricing, context and benchmarks

GPT-4.1 Nano is OpenAI's model released on April 14, 2025. It costs $0.1 per million input tokens and $0.4 per million output tokens, with a 1M-token context window. Epoch AI ranks it #118 of 125 rated models.

Low costTool calling

What you need to know about GPT-4.1 Nano

OpenAI, based in United States, put GPT-4.1 Nano online on April 14, 2025. It accepts images, text, and files as input and produces text. Its context window reaches 1,047,576 tokens, larger than 79 % of the models in the registry, and it can write up to 32,768 tokens in one go.

Released more than 1 year ago, it belongs to a generation most vendors have since superseded.

GPT-4.1 Nano pricing

On OpenRouter, GPT-4.1 Nano costs $0.1 per million input tokens and $0.4 per million output tokens. Counting three tokens read for every token written, its average price is $0.175 per million, more expensive than 18 % of paid models (4.4 times cheaper than the median of $0.76).

A concrete example: a task that sends 2,000 tokens (about 1,500 words) and receives a 500-token answer costs $0.0004. At 1,000 tasks a day, budget $12 a month. The price calculator redoes this with your own volumes.

Tokens already sent and cached are billed at $0.025 per million. With batch processing (delayed answers), the price drops to $0.05 input and $0.2 output.

Performance and benchmarks

The Epoch Capabilities Index (ECI), which aggregates published results across many benchmarks, gives GPT-4.1 Nano a score of 129.5 (range 123.3 to 131.8). That places it #118 of 125 rated models.

Scores published by Epoch AI on the benchmarks the site tracks:

Source: Epoch AI, Benchmarking Hub (CC BY 4.0).
BenchmarkWhat it measuresScoreDate
GPQA DiamondPhD-level science questions48.9 %Apr 14, 2025
ARC-AGI-1visual abstract-reasoning puzzles0 %Apr 14, 2025
ARC-AGI-2harder version of the ARC puzzles0 %Apr 14, 2025
OTIS Mock AIMEmaths competition problems28.9 %Apr 14, 2025
SimpleQA Verifiedaccuracy on simple facts6 %Apr 14, 2025
Aider Polyglotcoding exercises in several languages8.9 %Apr 14, 2025
GPQA DiamondGPQA Diamond : 48.9 %48.9 %ARC-AGI-1ARC-AGI-1 : 0 %0 %ARC-AGI-2ARC-AGI-2 : 0 %0 %OTIS Mock AIMEOTIS Mock AIME : 28.9 %28.9 %SimpleQA VerifiedSimpleQA Verified : 6 %6 %Aider PolyglotAider Polyglot : 8.9 %8.9 %
GPT-4.1 Nano success rate by benchmark (Epoch AI).
116129142156169$0.1$1$10Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale)ECIClaude Opus 5.5 : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $8, ECI 169GPT-6 Astra : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $20, ECI 169GPT-6.1 Sol : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $4, ECI 168Claude Fable 5.1 : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $20, ECI 166Gemini 4 Argon : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $4, ECI 166Claude Sonnet 5.5 : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $4, ECI 166Claude Opus 5 : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $10, ECI 164GPT-6 Sol : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $4, ECI 164Claude Fable 5 : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $20, ECI 163GPT-5.5 Pro : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $68, ECI 163GPT-5.6 Sol : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $8, ECI 163Muse Wonder : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $8, ECI 162GPT-5.6 Terra : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $5, ECI 160GPT-5.5 : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $11, ECI 160GPT-5.4 Pro : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $68, ECI 160Claude Haiku 5.5 : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $0.2, ECI 159Claude Opus 4.8 : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $10, ECI 159Gemini 3.7 Flash : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $2, ECI 158Kimi K3 : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $3, ECI 158Gemini 3.8 Flash : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $2, ECI 157GPT-5.4 : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $6, ECI 157Muse Spark 1.3 : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $2, ECI 157GPT-5.3-Codex : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $5, ECI 157Claude Sonnet 5 : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $4, ECI 157Claude Opus 4.7 : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $10, ECI 157GPT-6 Luna : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $0.2, ECI 157Grok 4.6 : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $3, ECI 157GPT-5.6 Luna : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $0.5, ECI 157GPT-5.2 Pro : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $58, ECI 156GLM 5.3 : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $0.4, ECI 156DeepSeek V4.1 Flash 1017 : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $0.3, ECI 156DeepSeek V4.1 Flash : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $0.3, ECI 156Claude Opus 4.6 : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $10, ECI 156DeepSeek V4 Pro 0813 : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $1, ECI 156DeepSeek V4 Pro 0423 : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $0.3, ECI 156Gemini 3.1 Pro Preview : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $5, ECI 155Muse Spark Open : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $2, ECI 155Qwen3.8 Max (0902) : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $3, ECI 155Muse Spark 1.2 : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $2, ECI 155Gemini 3.5 Flash : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $3, ECI 155DeepSeek V4 Flash 0731 : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $0.07, ECI 155DeepSeek V4 Flash 0423 : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $0.1, ECI 155Gemini 3.6 Flash : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $2, ECI 155Grok 4.7 : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $3, ECI 154Grok 4.5 : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $3, ECI 154Muse Spark 1.1 : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $2, ECI 154Qwen3.7 Max : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $2, ECI 154GPT-5.2 : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $5, ECI 154GLM 5.3 Flash : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $0.2, ECI 153Claude Sonnet 4.6 : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $6, ECI 153Grok 4.20 : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $2, ECI 152GLM 5.2 : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $2, ECI 152Gemini 3 Flash Preview : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $1, ECI 152Qwen3.8 27B : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $0.8, ECI 152Kimi K2.6 : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $1, ECI 151GPT-5 Pro : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $41, ECI 151Inkling Small : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $0.6, ECI 150Kimi K2.7 Code : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $1, ECI 150Claude Opus 4.5 : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $10, ECI 150Mistral Large 4 : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $2, ECI 150GPT-5 : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $3, ECI 150GLM 5.1 : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $2, ECI 150GPT-5.1 : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $3, ECI 150GPT-5.4 Mini : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $2, ECI 149Inkling : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $2, ECI 148Kimi K2.5 : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $1, ECI 148o3 Pro : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $35, ECI 147Qwen3.6 Plus : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $0.7, ECI 147Qwen3.7 Plus : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $0.6, ECI 147MiniMax M3 : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $0.5, ECI 147Qwen3.5 397B A17B : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $1, ECI 147Claude Sonnet 4.5 : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $6, ECI 147o3 : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $4, ECI 147MiniMax M2.5 : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $0.5, ECI 147Qwen3.6 27B : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $0.7, ECI 146DeepSeek V3.2 : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $0.3, ECI 146GPT-5.4 Nano : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $0.5, ECI 146Nemotron 3 Ultra : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $1, ECI 146Kimi K2 Thinking : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $1, ECI 146GLM 5 : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $2, ECI 146MiniMax M2.7 : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $0.5, ECI 146o4 Mini : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $2, ECI 145GPT-5 Mini : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $0.7, ECI 145Gemini 3.5 Flash Lite : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $0.8, ECI 145DeepSeek V3.2 Exp : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $0.3, ECI 145Gemini 3.1 Flash Lite : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $0.6, ECI 144Gemini 3.1 Flash Lite Preview : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $0.6, ECI 144Claude Opus 4.1 : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $30, ECI 144Qwen3.7 Flash : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $0.06, ECI 144Qwen3.6 35B A3B : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $0.3, ECI 144GLM 4.7 : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $0.9, ECI 144Gemma 4 31B : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $0.3, ECI 143Qwen3.6 Flash : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $0.4, ECI 143Qwen3.5-35B-A3B : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $0.4, ECI 142Claude Haiku 4.5 : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $2, ECI 142Gemma 4 26B A4B : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $0.1, ECI 142o1 : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $26, ECI 142Mistral Medium 3.5 : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $3, ECI 141o3 Mini : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $2, ECI 140DeepSeek V3.1 : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $0.4, ECI 140gpt-oss-120b : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $0.3, ECI 140Qwen3.5-9B : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $0.2, ECI 139GPT-5 Nano : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $0.1, ECI 139R1 0528 : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $0.9, ECI 139Qwen3 32B : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $0.1, ECI 138Qwen3 14B : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $0.1, ECI 138gpt-oss-20b : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $0.04, ECI 138GPT-4.1 : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $4, ECI 137Qwen3 30B A3B : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $0.2, ECI 136GPT-4.1 Mini : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $0.7, ECI 135Mistral Medium 3 : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $0.8, ECI 134DeepSeek V3 0324 : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $0.5, ECI 132DeepSeek V3 : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $0.5, ECI 132Llama 4 Maverick : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $0.3, ECI 132Phi 4 : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $0.09, ECI 130Gemma 3 27B : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $0.1, ECI 130Llama 4 Scout : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $0.1, ECI 130GPT-4o-mini : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $0.3, ECI 126GPT-4o-mini (2024-07-18) : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $0.3, ECI 126Gemma 3 12B : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $0.07, ECI 124Gemma 2 27B : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $0.7, ECI 122Mistral Large : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $3, ECI 122Mistral Nemo : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $0.03, ECI 119Gemma 3 4B : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $0.04, ECI 116GPT-4.1 Nano : Average price ($ per million tokens, log scale) $0.2, ECI 130GPT-4.1 NanoClaude Opus 5.5
Each dot is a model rated by Epoch AI; GPT-4.1 Nano is in orange. Higher = more capable, further left = cheaper. Open the LLM benchmark to filter.

For at least equal performance, DeepSeek V4 Flash 0731, DeepSeek V4 Flash 0423, and Qwen3.7 Flash cost at least 30% less.

Features, privacy and local use

  • It supports tool calling, so it can drive an AI agent, call APIs or MCP servers.
  • It can answer in an enforced JSON format (structured outputs).
  • Its knowledge stops at June 2024.

Its weights are not published: it can only be used through the OpenAI API or a broker such as OpenRouter, which means sending your data off your machines.

Other OpenAI models

Average price per million tokens (3 input for 1 output).
ModelReleasedAvg. priceECI
GPT-6.1 SolSep 29, 2026$4168.4
GPT-6.1 Sol ProSep 29, 2026$4—
GPT-6 SolSep 22, 2026$4163.7
GPT-6 LunaSep 22, 2026$0.2156.8
GPT-6 Luna ProSep 22, 2026$0.2—
GPT-6 Sol ProSep 22, 2026$4—
GPT-6 AstraSep 4, 2026$20168.8
GPT-6 Astra ProSep 4, 2026$20—

Verdict

Computed score: 47/100, from public data (performance, price, context, features).

Strengths

  • Low price: cheaper than 82 % of paid models.
  • Very large context (1M tokens): long documents or a whole codebase fit in one request.
  • Agent-ready: tool calling and structured JSON output.
  • Discounted batch pricing.

Limitations

  • Modest performance: behind 94 % of rated models.
  • Older generation, often replaced by a newer model from the same vendor.

Avoid if…

  • your data must not leave your servers.

Alternatives

Comparisons and tools

Learn more

Frequently asked questions

How much does GPT-4.1 Nano cost?

$0.1 per million input tokens and $0.4 per million output tokens on OpenRouter (checked October 25, 2026). A task with 2,000 tokens read and 500 written costs $0.0004.

How big is GPT-4.1 Nano's context window?

1,047,576 tokens, roughly 786,000 words, with a maximum of 32,768 output tokens.

Can GPT-4.1 Nano run locally?

No, OpenAI does not publish its weights: it is API-only.

Is GPT-4.1 Nano suitable for an AI agent?

Technically yes: it supports tool calling and structured outputs. Then check its cost for your volume.

How good is GPT-4.1 Nano?

Epoch AI ranks it #118 of 125 rated models (ECI 129.5). On GPQA Diamond, it scores 48.9%.

What are the alternatives to GPT-4.1 Nano?

The closest models on price and performance are Llama 4 Scout, Llama 4 Maverick, and Gemma 3 27B.

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Neutrality. No affiliate links. No vendor pays to be reviewed, rated or ranked. Reviews are directed by François Chollet, neutral and factual, and every data point is dated and sourced. How we score